path: root/doc/user/bib.skb

;;; bib.skb  --  The Skribilo bibliography.
;;; -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-
;;;
;;; Copyright 2007, 2008  Ludovic Court�s <ludo@gnu.org>
;;; Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004  Manuel Serrano
;;;
;;;
;;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
;;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
;;; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
;;; (at your option) any later version.
;;;
;;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
;;;
;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
;;; along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
;;; Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,
;;; USA.

;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
;*    Index                                                            */
;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
(chapter :title "Bibliographies"

   (p [Skribilo provides support for bibliographies.  To setup a
bibliography database and to be able to refer to its entries from a
document, the following things must be done:]

   (itemize 
      (item [
Use the default pre-existing ,(emph "bibliography table") or create a 
custom one.])
      (item [
Provide a ,(emph "bibliography database").])
      (item [
Load the database using the ,(markup-ref "bibliography") function.])
      (item [
Reference to bibliography entries with ,(code [,(markup-ref "ref")
,(param [:bib])]) function calls.]))
   
   [The following sections will guide you through these steps.])


;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
;*    Bibliography tables                                              */
;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
(section :title "Bibliography Tables"
   
   (p [This section describes functions dealing with ,(emph
[bibliography tables]).  Essentially, bibliography tables are the
representation of your bibliographies used by Skribilo at run-time.])
   
   (p [The predicate ,(code "bib-table?") returns ,(code "#t") if and only
if its argument is a bibliography table as returned by 
,(markup-ref "make-bib-table") or ,(markup-ref "*bib-table*"). Otherwise
,(code "bib-table?") returns ,(code "#f").])
   
   (doc-markup 'bib-table?
	       '((obj [The value to be tested]))
	       :see-also '(make-bib-table *bib-table* bibliography the-bibliography)
	       :force-engines *api-engines*
	       :common-args '()
	       :source #f ;;"skribilo/biblio.scm"
               :def '(define-markup (bib-table? obj) ...))
   
   (p [The function ,(code "*bib-table*") returns a global, pre-existing
bibliography-table:])
   (doc-markup '*bib-table*
	       '()
	       :see-also '(bib-table? make-bib-table bibliography the-bibliography)
	       :force-engines *api-engines*
	       :common-args '()
               :source #f
               :def '(define-markup (*bib-table*) ...))
   (p [Technically, ,(code "*bib-table*") is actually an ,(srfi-ref 39)
parameter object, so it can be queried and modified like any other
parameter object.])
   
   (p [The function ,(code "make-bib-table") constructs a new 
bibliography-table:])
   (doc-markup 'make-bib-table
	       '((ident [The name of the bibliography table.]))
	       :see-also '(bib-table? *bib-table* bibliography the-bibliography)
	       :force-engines *api-engines*
	       :common-args '()
	       :source #f
               :def '(define-markup (make-bib-table ident) ...)))
   
;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
;*    bibliography ... @label bibliography@                            */
;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
(section :title "Bibliography"

(p [The ,(markup-ref "bibliography") function loads bibliography entries
into the bibliography table specified using the ,(param :bib-table)
parameter.  It can be passed either lists representing entries (such as
an article or book reference), or strings denoting the names of files
that contains several entries.  All the entries loaded in memory can
then be referred to with ,(markup-ref "ref").  A bibliography database
must be loaded ,(emph "before") any reference is introduced.  It is
advised to place the ,(markup-ref "bibliography") function call before
the call to the ,(markup-ref "document") function call.])

(doc-markup 'bibliography
	    `((:command ,[An external command to be applied when loading
              the bibliography entries. The sequence ,(code "~a") is replaced
              with the name of the file when the command is invoked.])
	      (:bib-table ,[The ,(ref :mark "make-bib-table" :text "table") 
               where entry is searched.])
	      (#!rest entry... ,[If ,(param 'entry) is a string, it denotes
              a file containing the entry (see ,(ref :mark "*bib-path*" 
              :text "bibliograph path")). Otherwise, it is a list described
              by the ,(ref :subsection "Bibliography Syntax" :text "syntax") 
              below.]))
	    :see-also '(bib-table? make-bib-table *bib-table* the-bibliography)
	    :force-engines *api-engines*
	    :common-args '())

(mark "*bib-path*")
(p [Files passed as an argument to ,(markup-ref "bibliography") are
searched in the current ,(emph [bibliography path]), which is defined by
the ,(tt [*bib-path*]) ,(srfi-ref 39) parameter.  This parameter
contains a list of directories and its value can be obtained using
,(code [(*bib-path*)]).  Its value can be altered using the ,(tt
[-B]) command-line option of the ,(tt [skribilo]) compiler (see ,(numref
:text [Chapter] :ident "compiler") for details).])

(p [The ,(param :command) option can be used to import foreign
bibliography.  The following example, shows how to directly use a BibTeX
bibliography using the ,(ref :section "Skribebibtex") translator.])

(example-produce 
 (example :legend "Printing a Bibliography" (prgm :file "src/bib6.skb")))


;; bibliography syntax
(subsection :title "Bibliography Syntax"

(p [The Skribe/Skribilo bibliography database uses a format very close
to the BibTeX one, which is a parenthetic version of BibTeX.  Here is
the syntax of an entry:])

(disp :verb #t :bg *prgm-skribe-color* [
<entry>  -->  ,(bold "(")<kind> <key> <field>+,(bold ")")
<kind>   -->  techreport | article | inproceedings | book
<key>    -->  <symbol> | <string>
<field>  -->  ,(bold "(")<symbol> <string>,(bold ")")])

(p [BibTeX files cannot be directly loaded but the tool ,(ref :section
"Skribebibtex" :text (tt "skribebibtex")) can be use to automatically
convert BibTeX format to Skribe bibliography format.  Here is an example
of a simple Skribe database.])

(prgm :file "src/bib1.sbib")))

;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
;*    the-bibliography ... @label the-bibliography@                    */
;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
(section :title "Printing a Bibliography"

(p [The function ,(code "the-bibliography") displays the bibliography. ])

(doc-markup 'the-bibliography
	    `((:bib-table ,[The bibliography 
               ,(ref :mark "make-bib-table" :text "table") to be displayed.])
              (:pred ,[A predicate filtering the bibliography entries. It takes
                      two parameters: the bibliography entry and the 
                      ,(code "the-bibliography") node.])
	      (:sort ,[A function sorting a list of entries.])
	      (:labels ,[Specifies the style for bibliography entries
                        labels.  The default, ,(code "number"), uses
                        numbers to identify references, e.g., "\[7\]".
                        When ,(code "name+year") is chosen, long labels
                        including the first author's last name (and
                        optionally the second author's last name) and
                        the year of publication will be used.  For
                        instance: "\[Smith 1984\]",
                        "\[Smith & Johnson 1979\]", or
                        "\[Smith ,(it [et al.]) 1980\]".])
	      (:count ,[The symbol ,(code "partial") or ,(code "full")
               specifies the numbering to be applied. The value 
               ,(code "partial") tells Skribilo to count only the entries
               filtered in by ,(param :pred). The value ,(code "full")
               tells Skribilo to count all entries, event those filtered out
               by ,(param :pred).]))
	    :see-also '(bib-table? make-bib-table *bib-table*
	                bibliography noabbrev)
	    :force-engines *api-engines*
	    :common-args '())

(p [Note that the ,(code "name+year") label style will only work if the
following conventions are followed by the ,(code "author") field of your
bibliography entries:

,(itemize
    (item [the ,(code [author]) fields of bibliographic entries should
be a string containing a comma-separated list of full author names;])
    (item [each ``full author name'' should have the form ,(code
"first-name second-name ... last-name").]))

When using the ,(code "name+year") label style, it is sometimes
desirable to preclude automatic abbreviations for some authors, e.g.,
when the author is the name of a consortium or company rather than that
of a person.  In that case, you should enclose the value of your ,(code
"author") field in a ,(ref :ident "noabbrev" :text (code "noabbrev"))
markup.])
   
(doc-markup 'noabbrev
	    '()
	    :see-also '(the-bibliography bib-sort/first-author-last-name))
   
(p [The following example illustrates typical use of a bibliography.])

(example-produce 
 (example :legend "Printing a Bibliography" (prgm :file "src/bib2.skb"))
 (disp (include "src/bib2.skb")))

;; filtering bibliography
(subsection :title "Filtering Bibliography Entries"
(index "the-bibliography" :note "filtering")

(p [The ,(param :pred) option is bound to a function of one argument
that filters bibliography entries. It is used to control which entries
must appears on a bibliography. The default behavior is to display
only the entries referenced to in the text. For instance, in order to
display ,(emph "all") the entries of a bibliography, is it needed to
print the bibliography with a predicate returning always ,(code "#t").])

(example-produce 
 (example :legend "Unfiltering Bibliography Entries" (prgm :file "src/bib3.skb"))
 (disp (include "src/bib3.skb")))

(p [The second example, filters out the entries that are not ,(emph "book")
or that are not referenced to from the document.])

(example-produce 
 (example :legend "Unfiltering Bibliography Entries" (prgm :file "src/bib4.skb"))
 (disp (include "src/bib4.skb")))

(p [The last example, illustrates how to change the rendering of a
bibliography. It uses the ,(markup-ref "processor") construction 
and it defines two ,(ref :ident "writer" :text "writers") for
displaying ,(code "&bib-entry-ident") and ,(code "&bib-entry-title")
markups. These two markups are introduced by Skribe when it loads a 
bibliography. All fields of bibliography entries are represented by
markups whose prefix are ,(code "&bib-entry-"). The parent of all these
markups is the bibliography entry itself. The ,(code "&bib-entry-") markups
are options of there parent.])

(example-produce 
 (example :legend "Unfiltering Bibliography Entries" (prgm :file "src/bib5.skb"))
 (disp (include "src/bib5.skb"))))

;; sorting bibliography
(subsection :title "Sorting Bibliography Entries"
(index "the-bibliography" :note "sorting")

(p [The ,(param :sort) option of the ,(markup-ref "the-bibliography")
markup is used for sorting the bibliography entries. There are three
pre-existing functions for sorting entries:])

(doc-markup 'bib-sort/authors
	    '((l [The list of entries.]))
	    :force-engines *api-engines*
	    :source "skribilo/biblio.scm"
	    :others '(bib-sort/idents bib-sort/dates)
	    :see-also '(bib-sort/first-author-last-name)
	    :common-args '())

(p [The first function sorts the entries according to an alphabetic ordering
on authors. The second sorts according to an alphabetic ordering on 
entries identifier. The last one sorts according to entries date.])

(example-produce 
 (example :legend "Sorting Bibliography Entries" 
	  (prgm :file "skribilo/biblio.scm"
	        :definition 'bib-sort/idents)))
   
(p [In addition, the ,(code [(skribilo biblio author)]) module exports
a fourth procedure that sorts bibliography entries:])

(doc-markup 'bib-sort/first-author-last-name
            '((entries [The list of entries.]))
            :force-engines *api-engines*
            :source "skribilo/biblio/author.scm"
            :see-also '(bib-sort/authors the-bibliography noabbrev)
            :common-args '())
	    
(p [This procedure allows entries to be sorted according to the last
name of the first author of each bibliography entry.  For this to work,
the author field of bibliography entries must follow the same
conventions as for the ,(code "name+year") label style of ,(ref :ident
"the-bibliography" :text (code "the-bibliography")).])))

;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
;*    skribebibtex                                                     */
;*    FIXME: Uncomment section below when we have a replacement.       */
;*---------------------------------------------------------------------*/
(section :title "Skribebibtex"
   
   (p [FIXME: This tool is not available as of Skribilo version
,(skribilo-version).]))

#;(section :title "Skribebibtex"
(index "skribebibtex" :note "manual page")
(index "BibTeX")
(p [
In this section we present the Skribebibtex translator that compiles BibTeX
source files into a Skribe bibliography.])

;; Synopsis (FIXME)
;;(subsection :title "SYNOPSIS" :number #f
;;   (compiler-command *skribebibtex-bin* "options" "input"))

;; Description
(subsection :title "DESCRIPTION" :number #f [
This manual page is not meant to be exhaustive. It
documents the ,(tt "skribebibtex"), a tool that translates
,(bold "BibTeX") files into ,(it "Skribe"), bibliography format. These 
files can be used by the ,(bold "skribe") compiler to produce  
bibliography entries.])

;; Suffixes
(subsection :title "SUFFIXES" :number #f [
The ,(ref :chapter "Skribilo Compiler" :text "skribilo") compiler uses file 
suffixes in order to select amongst its possible targets which to choose. 
These suffixes are:

,(description (item :key (it ".bib") [a ,(bold "BibTeX") source file.]))])

;; Options (FIXME)
;;(subsection :title "OPTIONS" :number #f 
;;(compiler-options *skribebibtex-bin*))

   ))

;;; Local Variables:
;;; ispell-local-dictionary: "american"
;;; End: